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Glass Factory near Mineralnyye Vody (Gas Vans)

On September 7, 1942, the German command and the Jewish council announced that the Jews had to prepare for relocation to a less populated area. They were to bring their belongings, 20-32 kg of luggage per person, and it was vitally important that they bring their valuables, as well as three days' supply of food. Following this announcement by the German command and the Jewish council, some of the Jews realized that the "relocation" was only a ruse meant to cover the imminent massacre, and they committed suicide to avoid being murdered by the Germans and their collaborators. Others – especially those who were married to non-Jews – were able to hide or conceal their identity, thereby evading the German murder squads. The rest of the Jewish population, locals and evacuees alike, gathered at the October 25 School at 6 AM on September 9, 1942. They numbered about 1,500-2,000. The school was cordoned off by the German military, and local policemen guarded the Jewish people inside the building. According to several eyewitnesses, the Jews were beaten inside the school, and their cries could be heard in the surrounding area. At 6 AM in the next morning, German vehicles arrived at the school. The Jews were forced into the trucks and taken to the town of Mineralnyye Vody. The doomed Jews were followed by local policemen. The vehicles stopped at the glass factory in Mineralnyye Vody, where an anti-tank trench had been dug. The Jews were then herded into a bus that had been converted into a gas van. Some of the victims tried to flee, and were shot dead by the German mobile killing squads and local policemen. The others were gassed to death, and their bodies were thrown into the trench. Afterward, the anti-tank trench was filled with soil, and several German military vehicles drove over it flatten the murder site and cover the traces of this Nazi crime.

More information: Yad Vashem

Glass Factory near Mineralnyye Vody (Gas Vans)

On August 30, 1942 Einsatzkommando 12D arrived in Mineralnyye Vody. The unit immediately chose as the place for the mass murder of the town's Jews a glass factory situated 2.5 kilometers from Mineralnyye Vody. All Jews were ordered to register for "resettlement." The following day all the town's Jews were taken on railway flatcars to the murder site. In an open field near the glass factory all the Jews were ordered to get off the trains and to leave their belongings behind. The executioners told them that they would be changing trains. Some people refused to get down and were taken off the flatcars by force. After all the Jews got off, they were formed into a column and taken to anti-tank trenches. When the Jews saw that the train they had come on was returning to Mineralnyye Vody, panic broke out and people ran in all directions. The Germans and local auxiliaries opened fire and killed many of the Jews. The rest were taken to the trenches and then ordered to undress and to hand over their papers, money, and any valuables they had with them. Before the mass murder the killers pulled out people's gold teeth and raped the young women. Then groups of about 30 were lined up at the edge of the trenches and shot dead. Some of the Jews were murdered in gas vans and their bodies were also thrown into the trenches. According to the inscription on the monument erected at the murder site in 1960s the massacre took place on September 6-9, 1942 The total number of Jews of Mineralnyye Vody murdered at the glass factory was between 200 (according to German sources) and 500 (according to Soviet sources).

More information: Yad Vashem

Glass Factory near Mineralnyye Vody (Gas Vans)

In August 1942, the German command and the Jewish council announced that the Jews of Zheleznovodsk had to prepare for relocation to a less densely populated area. They were to take up to 32 kg of luggage per person. Following this announcement by the German command and the Jewish council, some of the Jews realized that the "relocation" was only a ruse meant to cover the imminent massacre, and they committed suicide. In the last days of August 1942, the Jewish population, locals and evacuees alike, assembled at the building of the town’s central laundry. There were approximately 87 Jewish civilians there. They were taken to the area of the town of Mineralnyye Vody. The vehicles stopped at a glass factory in Mineralnyye Vody, where an anti-tank trench had been dug. The Jews were then killed in gas vans and with machine guns. The anti-tank trench was subsequently covered with soil, and several German military vehicles drove over it to cover the traces.

More information: Yad Vashem